call - definition. What is call
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%ما هو (من)٪ 1 - تعريف

LEARNING TECHNIQUE
Computer assisted language learning; CALL; Computer assisted language instruction; Foreign-language reading aid; Foreign Language Reading Aid; Language learning software; Language software; Second language software; Computer Assisted Language Learning; Foreign language reading aid; Computer-Assisted Language Learning; Language-learning software; CALL (linguistics); Blog Assisted Language Learning; Blog-assisted language learning

call         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Calls; Call (telecommunications); Call (disambiguation); Called; Call (song)
n. the demand by a corporation that a stockholder pay an installment or assessment on shares already owned.
call         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Calls; Call (telecommunications); Call (disambiguation); Called; Call (song)
I
n.
appeal
summons
1) to issue a call for (the government issued a call to the populace for voluntary contributions)
2) to answer, heed, respond to a call (to answer the call of duty)
3) a clarion call
4) a curtain call (the actor had five curtain calls)
5) at smb.'s beck and call
visit
6) to make, pay a call on smb.
7) to make a call at a place (the ships made calls at several ports)
8) a business; courtesy; port; professional call
9) a house call (my doctor makes house calls)
10) a call to (a call to arms)
invitation
11) to accept a call
telephone call
12) to give smb. a call
13) to make, place a call to smb.
14) to answer; return; take a call (who will take her call?)
15) to put a call through (the operator put my call right through)
16) a business; collect (AE), transferred-charge (BE); conference; dial-direct (AE), direct-dialled (BE); emergency; local; long-distance, toll (AE), trunk (BE); operator-assisted; ordinary (BE), station-to-station (AE); personal (BE), person-to-person (AE); telephone; wake-up call
17) a call from; to
signal
18) a bugle call
reading aloud
19) a roll call
duty
20) on call (which nurse is on call?)
need
21) a call for (there is no call for such behavior)
22) a call to + inf. (there was no call to complain)
formation
(AE) (usu. mil.)
23) sick call (to go on sick call)
misc.
24) a close call ('a narrow escape')
II
v.
1) (C) ('to summon') she called a taxi for me; or: she called me a taxi
2) (d; intr.) ('to visit') to call at (the ship will call at several ports)
3) (d; intr.) to call for ('to fetch') (I'll call for you at two o'clock)
4) (d; intr.) to call for ('to require') (the position calls for an experienced engineer)
5) (d; intr.) to call for ('to seek') (to call for help)
6) (d; tr.) ('to summon') to call into (she was called into the room)
7) (D; intr.) to call on ('to visit') (several friends called on us)
8) (colloq.) (d; tr.) to call on ('to reprimand') (the boss called me on my sloppy writing)
9) (d; tr.) ('to summon') to call out of (she was called out of town on business)
10) (D; intr.) ('to shout') to call to (she called to me in a loud voice)
11) (d; tr.) ('to summon') to call to (to call smb. to account; to call smt. to mind; the chair called the delegates to order; to be called to the bar)
12) (N; used with a noun or adjective) ('to describe as') she called him a stuffed shin; I call that mean
13) (O) ('to describe as ') to call smb. a bad name
14) (misc.) (esp. AE) ('to telephone') to call long-distance
call         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Calls; Call (telecommunications); Call (disambiguation); Called; Call (song)
(calls, calling, called)
Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.
1.
If you call someone or something by a particular name or title, you give them that name or title.
'Doctor...'-'Will you please call me Sarah?'...
Everybody called each other by their surnames.
VERB: V n n, V n by n
called
There are two men called Buckley at the Home Office.
...a device called an optical amplifier.
ADJ: v-link ADJ
2.
If you call someone or something a particular thing, you suggest they are that thing or describe them as that thing.
The speech was interrupted by members of the Conservative Party, who called him a traitor...
She calls me lazy and selfish...
He called it particularly cynical to begin releasing the hostages on Christmas Day...
Anyone can call themselves a psychotherapist.
VERB: V n n, V n adj, V it adj to-inf, V pron-refl n
3.
If you call something, you say it in a loud voice, because you are trying to attract someone's attention.
He could hear the others downstairs in different parts of the house calling his name...
'Boys!' she called again.
VERB: V n, V with quote
Call out means the same as call
.
The butcher's son called out a greeting...
The train stopped and a porter called out, 'Middlesbrough!'
PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V P with quote, also V n P
4.
If you call someone, you telephone them.
Would you call me as soon as you find out?...
A friend of mine gave me this number to call...
'May I speak with Mr Coyne, please?'-'May I ask who's calling?'
= phone
VERB: V n, V n, V
5.
If you call someone such as a doctor or the police, you ask them to come to you, usually by telephoning them.
He screamed for his wife to call an ambulance...
One night he was called to see a woman with tuberculosis.
VERB: V n, be V-ed to-inf
6.
If you call someone, you ask them to come to you by shouting to them.
She called her young son: 'Here, Stephen, come and look at this!'...
He called me over the Tannoy.
VERB: V n, V n prep
7.
When you make a telephone call, you telephone someone.
I made a phone call to the United States to talk to a friend...
I've had hundreds of calls from other victims...
N-COUNT
8.
If someone in authority calls something such as a meeting, rehearsal, or election, they arrange for it to take place at a particular time.
The Committee decided to call a meeting of the All India Congress...
The RSC was calling a press conference to announce the theatre's closure...
VERB: V n, V n
9.
If someone is called before a court or committee, they are ordered to appear there, usually to give evidence.
The child waited two hours before she was called to give evidence...
I was called as an expert witness.
= summon
VERB: usu passive, be V-ed to-inf, be V-ed prep
10.
If you call somewhere, you make a short visit there.
A market researcher called at the house where he was living...
Andrew now came almost weekly to call.
VERB: V prep/adv, V
Call is also a noun.
He decided to pay a call on Tommy Cummings.
N-COUNT
11.
When a train, bus, or ship calls somewhere, it stops there for a short time to allow people to get on or off.
The steamer calls at several ports along the way.
VERB: V prep/adv
12.
To call a game or sporting event means to cancel it, for example because of rain or bad light. (AM)
We called the next game.
= call off
VERB: V n
13.
If there is a call for something, someone demands that it should happen.
There have been calls for a new kind of security arrangement...
Almost all workers heeded a call by the trade unions to stay at home for the duration of the strike.
N-COUNT: usu N for n, N to-inf
14.
If there is little or no call for something, very few people want it to be done or provided.
'Have you got just plain chocolate?'-'No, I'm afraid there's not much call for that.'
= demand
N-UNCOUNT: with brd-neg, N for n
15.
The call of something such as a place is the way it attracts or interests you strongly.
= pull, lure
N-SING: with poss
16.
The call of a particular bird or animal is the characteristic sound that it makes.
...a wide range of animal noises and bird calls.
N-COUNT
17.
see also calling
, so-called
18.
If you say that there is no call for someone to behave in a particular way, you are criticizing their behaviour, usually because you think it is rude.
There was no call for him to single you out from all the others.
= there is no need for
PHRASE: PHR n to-inf, PHR n [disapproval]
19.
If someone is on call, they are ready to go to work at any time if they are needed, especially if there is an emergency.
In theory I'm on call day and night.
...a doctor on call.
PHRASE: PHR after v, v-link PHR
20.
If you call in sick, you telephone the place where you work to tell them you will not be coming to work because you are ill.
'Shouldn't you be at work today?'-'I called in sick.'
PHRASE: V inflects
21.
to call someone's bluff: see bluff
to call it a day: see day
to call a halt: see halt
to call something to mind: see mind
call of nature: see nature
to call something your own: see own
to call something into question: see question
to call it quits: see quit
to call a spade a spade: see spade
to call the tune: see tune
too close to call: see close

ويكيبيديا

Computer-assisted language learning

Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), British, or Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI)/Computer-Aided Language Instruction (CALI), American, is briefly defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as "the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning". CALL embraces a wide range of information and communications technology applications and approaches to teaching and learning foreign languages, from the "traditional" drill-and-practice programs that characterised CALL in the 1960s and 1970s to more recent manifestations of CALL, e.g. as used in a virtual learning environment and Web-based distance learning. It also extends to the use of corpora and concordancers, interactive whiteboards, computer-mediated communication (CMC), language learning in virtual worlds, and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL).

The term CALI (computer-assisted language instruction) was in use before CALL, reflecting its origins as a subset of the general term CAI (computer-assisted instruction). CALI fell out of favour among language teachers, however, as it appeared to imply a teacher-centred approach (instructional), whereas language teachers are more inclined to prefer a student-centred approach, focusing on learning rather than instruction. CALL began to replace CALI in the early 1980s (Davies & Higgins 1982: p. 3) and it is now incorporated into the names of the growing number of professional associations worldwide.

An alternative term, technology-enhanced language learning (TELL), also emerged around the early 1990s: e.g. the TELL Consortium project, University of Hull.

The current philosophy of CALL puts a strong emphasis on student-centred materials that allow learners to work on their own. Such materials may be structured or unstructured, but they normally embody two important features: interactive learning and individualised learning. CALL is essentially a tool that helps teachers to facilitate the language learning process. It can be used to reinforce what has already been learned in the classroom or as a remedial tool to help learners who require additional support.

The design of CALL materials generally takes into consideration principles of language pedagogy and methodology, which may be derived from different learning theories (e.g. behaviourist, cognitive, constructivist) and second-language learning theories such as Stephen Krashen's monitor hypothesis.

A combination of face-to-face teaching and CALL is usually referred to as blended learning. Blended learning is designed to increase learning potential and is more commonly found than pure CALL (Pegrum 2009: p. 27).

See Davies et al. (2011: Section 1.1, What is CALL?). See also Levy & Hubbard (2005), who raise the question Why call CALL "CALL"?

أمثلة من مجموعة نصية لـ٪ 1
1. The call centres can also avail of the call forwarding, call divert and call waiting facility by mobile operators.
2. "You call, and you call, and you call, and you call –– and it‘s busy," said Charlene Conrad.
3. Call it repetition–compulsion, call it obsession.
4. Some call this civil war; others call it emergency [sic] –– I call it pure evil.
5. She wanted also to gather information to give to her five children when pushing them to answer the call –– her call, the country‘s call, God‘s call – to service.